CoCoIO_net

by patrick ulland

CoCoIO Networking

This post summarizes parts of the W5100s datasheet and the Uthernet manual after translation to CoCo/6x09. You’ll want to grab the Uthernet doc for extra info. Just remember, when looking at Apple code, they are swapping byte order between the CPU and the WizNet. CoCo code doesn’t need to do that. BIG ENDIAN ADDRESSING IS COMPLETELY NORMAL!!!

Another oddity, note the Wiznet docs describe it’s lowest system side address as the ‘Mode Register’. They also describe the lowest address in the internal buffer as the ‘Mode Register’, and the lowest address in each of 4 socket config sections is also the ‘Mode Register’. So don’t jump to any conclusions based on that name.

Chip Addressing

The CoCoIO can be jumpered to one of two base addresses, FF60 or FF70. Just swap 6 for 7, for example the WizNet section has a 4 byte I/O range:

FF68 or FF78 - Mode Register
FF69 or FF79 - Address High
FF6A or FF7A - Address Low
FF6B or FF7B - Data Port

 

Writing to the external Mode Register at address &ff68 (or $ff78) controls chip startup, and reading that address returns the active mode. These bits are used:

7 – Software reset (auto cleared after reset)
4 – Ping block - ignore pings when using TCP/IP
3 – PPPoE – ADSL without a router, if you’re into that
1 – Address auto increment – strongly encouraged
0 – Indirect bus mode – MUST be set for CoCoIO

Internal RAM

CoCoIO always uses auto-increment mode to access the Wiznet internal RAM. Just write the starting internal address to FFx9 and FFxA, then read or write the appropriate number of bytes at the data port FFxB. It’s up to you to know how big each register is and when it’s time to jump to wrap around to the start of the buffer. We’ll cover data buffer handling a bit later (evil grin).

Common Registers

These control the local side network setup. Most can be left alone until you know they need changing. These need changing:
Start  Length
Gateway Address $1 4
Subnet Mask $5 4
My MAC Address $9 6
My IP Address $F 4
See pg 18 of the WizNet 5100s datasheet for a complete list.

Socket Registers and Connection Procedure

Socket registers control up to 4 ethernet connections. Socket 0 uses internal addresses $400-$4FF, with the other three starting at $500, $600, and $700. We’ll list socket 0 only as we segue into procedural mode.
Mode Register ($400) – First, define the new socket. This register’s lower four bits define the socket type:
0 Closed
1 TCP
2 UDP
3 IP Raw
4 MAC Raw (socket 0 only)
5 PPPoE (Socket 0 only
and the upper 3 bits optionally enable certain features:
32 disable delayed ACK (TCP) or set IGMP1 (multicast)
64 promiscuous mode (Socket 0, MAC raw mode only)
128 enable multicasting (UDP sockets only)
Command Register ($401) – Next write to the Socket Command Register to make it do something.
1 Open
2 Listen (wait for SYN)
4 Connect (send SYN)
Status Register ($403) - Finally, check the socket Status Register to see what happened.
00 Closed
13 TCP opened
14 TCP Waiting for peer
17 TCP connected to peer
1C TCP got disconnect request
22 UDP opened
32 IPRAW opened
42 MACraw opened

Receiving Data and Data Buffering

With the socket opened, it’s time to move some bytes. Thw WizNet has 16K of internal data space, $4000-5FFF for Transmit buffers and $6000-7FFF for receive. By default, this is split into 2K x 4 sockets xmit and 2K x 4 sockets receive, but you can change that. Whatever the size, the 8 buffers share a common address range. You must provide a starting address and check your work with a mask byte (buffer size -1) for each buffer.
The W5100 does not automatically manage buffer rollover. It's up to you to wrap around, and to reset the read pointer location to reflect the number of 'auto-inc' reads made from the dataport. So a receive loop would be:
  1. Use IRQ or poll the Received Size Register. When >0 ...
  2. Get the read or write pointer, AND to the buffer mask (buff size -1) then add to the buffer base address. This is the start location.
  3. Get the rx/tx data size, subtract this from end of buffer. This is sizeof first segment. Read that many bytes from the dataport.
  4. Reset the rx/tx pointer to the start of the buffer and read the remaining bytes from the dataport.
  5. Set the read pointer one address past the last read address
  6. Send RECV ($40) to the socket command register

close the connection

Only two registers to manipulate, and the TCP/IP connection is closed.
Command Register ($401) – Set to $08 (DISCON)
Status Register ($403) – loop until = $18 (SOCK_FIN_WAIT)

Web Browser

To illustrate all this, we have part of a web browser in Basic09. Get the code from https://github.com/rickulland/CoCoIO

Setup

The ‘worst web wrangler’ depends on two data files loosely based on their Linux equivalents. Edit these and config is done.
/DD/SYS/hosts
Hosts is the dns of last resort, a list of hostname and address pairs starting with the address of the local machine. We don’t have a dns utility yet, so follow that with additional lines of webservers & etc.
192.168.0.7 rickslaptop.org
192.168.0.8 anotherhost.com
/DD/SYS/interfaces
Interfaces describes the ethernet connection. We still don’t have dns, so ‘static’ is the only style allowed. macaddr is not burned into the hardware, just set it to some unique value. Change phyaddr if you change the address jumper in CoCoIO
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.0.7
gateway 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
macaddr 5C:26:0A:01:02:03
phyaddr $FF6B
Next, you will want to merge All The Things into gfx2, since we’ll need them.
cd /dd/cmds
rename gfx2 gfx2.org
merge gfx2.org inkey syscall > gfx2
Start in an 80 column graphics window, or use ‘makegw’ to convert the one you have. Then load the bits. For example:
makegw
basic09 #32k
load utilwww.b09
load www.b09
run www

Using the program.

From a Basic prompt, “run www” and choose <m>ouse or <k>eyboard. Both can use the end of screen menu, the mouse can click underlined links on screen. (Popup menus are text only for now).
That first popup will be the bookmark list. Select by number, key in a URL, or input 99 to not select anything. Enter to close the bookmark menu.
The first 20 or so lines of a web page are displayed, followed by an end of screen menu. <ENTER> for the next screen. There is no way to back up one screen yet, however <R>eload will start again from the top.
You can also <B>ookmark the current page or <G>oto a previously bookmarked page. Finally, the <L>inks menu offers the last 10 links that have been encountered in a keyboard friendly menu.
Here are a few workarounds for open bugs. This list should change often.
  • nothing happens after a 1 letter command is given, press enter.
  • the page doesn’t appear but the menu comes back, try <R>eload
  • she’s dead, Jim. ESC then ‘run www’
  • crash to basic inside a menu, type ‘run owend’ then ‘run www’

Digging in:

This part is coming RSN, random notes…
  • In most modules, setting debug:=TRUE provides additional output
  • Search for the string “ DB “ for any additional debug help
  • Note ‘subtotal’ assignments are indented in the code
Utility modules:
  • get/putBookmark - T&M menus for bookmarks and typed in URLs
  • getdns - has no dns, only looks at a /SYS/hosts file
  • initeth,stateth - initialize and debug the local connection
  • getMouse,setMouse - set up or read the mouse
  • www - main exe includes alpha features
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